Summary

About

Why the P3 Policy Center?
Our mission is to advance objective consideration of public-private partnerships in transportation system renewal and development through research, education, and public service.

Why George Mason University?
Since its inception, transportation policy research and education have been a central focus of Mason’s Schar School of Policy and Government, especially finance, planning, institutional policy issues, mega-regions, network analysis, intelligent transportation systems, geographic information systems, civil engineering, urban and regional planning, political science, and public administration. The University offers graduate students the opportunity to enroll in public policy doctoral and graduate programs with foci in transportation policy, operations and logistics, or international commerce and policy.

Why now?
P3s offer important alternatives to traditional funding sources, bringing with them a host of opportunities and challenges. Advancing public interest through P3s requires careful analysis by public decision-makers of the associated costs, risks, and rewards—skills that can be crafted and refined through the Transportation P3 Policy Center.

Center Objectives

The Center for Transportation Public-Private Partnership Policy is dedicated to advancing objective considerations of transportation P3s through research, education, and public service. Virginia has been a leader in innovative transportation finance in the U.S. – the Commonwealth’s 1995 Public-Private Transportation Act (PPTA) was one of the first state laws of its type. Virginia’s program has continued to expand with major facility improvements throughout the state as evidence of its impact.

Public sector resources are no longer keeping pace with the maintenance, rehabilitation, and improvement needs of the nation’s transportation infrastructure. Public-private partnerships can supplement and leverage scarce public funding and can deliver significant infrastructure improvements and associated public benefits through the innovation, efficiency, and capital resources available in the private sector.

Limitations of P3s, however, include valid concerns about balancing public and private benefits and risks. Numerous misconceptions also hamper their progress.

Better information and objective analyses are needed to assist public decision-makers as they pursue improved delivery of infrastructure and supplements to traditional funding sources. Targeted education for administrators, elected officials, and the public about transportation P3 policy is essential.

The Center was launched in 2013 with the support of the Commonwealth of Virginia to develop advanced research and education. It is housed within the Schar School of Policy and Government at George Mason University in Arlington, Virginia.

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Contact

Email: For general inquiries

Locations

Center for Transportation Public-Private Partnership Policy
3351 Fairfax Drive | MS 3B1 Arlington, Virginia 22201
Phone: 703-993-2275
Fax: 703-993-8215

Web Links

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Videos

6th Annual P3 Forum

April 21, 2021 (02:35:00)
By: Schar School of Policy and Government

On April 29, 2021, the Center for Transportation Public-Private Partnership Policy held its 6th Annual P3 Forum virtually. The forum engaged with leading P3 industry leaders for a discussion pressing issues surrounding P3 highways, transit, and the future of mobility. Virginia Secretary of Transportation, Shannon Valentine give the first keynote address followed by Belen Marcos, President at VINCI Highways. The two panel discussions were on Project Development Agreements (PDAs), and P3s, Climate, and Resiliency. For more information on the forum, please visit the Center’s website, http://p3policy.gmu.edu/.

Dean Mark Rozell Remarks (   • Center for Transportation Public-Priv…  )

Secretary Shannon Valentine Keynote Address (   • Center for Transportation Public-Priv…  ) Belen Marcos Keynote Address (   • Center for Transportation Public-Priv…  )

Panel 1: Project Development Agreements (   • Center for Transportation Public-Priv…  ) Moderator: Jonathan Gifford Panelists: Jeff Folden, P3 Office Deputy Director, Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration Amando Madan, Treasurer, Transurban Andrea Warfield, Director of O&M, Fluor Panel 2: P3,

Climates, & Resiliency (   • Center for Transportation Public-Priv…  ) Moderator: Dr. Carter Casady, Academic Director, Joint Centre for Public- Private Partnerships, Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in Economics and Finance, The Bartlett School of Construction and Project Management Panelists: Josh Goldman, Director of Strategy and Business Development, Via Rit Aggarwala, Senior Urban Tech Fellow, Cornell Tech Nicole Geneau, Senior Vice President, Development, EaaS, AlphaStruxure Benjamin Cohen, Director, Quantified Ventures

People

Center Staff

Jonathan Gifford, Ph.D., is the Center Director and a Professor with the Schar School. Dr. Gifford’s primary area of expertise is in transportation and public policy, with a focus on transportation and infrastructure finance. His recent research investigates transportation finance and the role of public-private partnerships. You can view his recent publications here. Dr. Gifford can be reached at jgifford@gmu.edu.

Porter K. Wheeler, Ph.D., is a Consultant to the Center and has specialized in transportation policy and infrastructure finance throughout a career of college teaching, government consulting, Budget Committee work on Capitol Hill, and over two decades of private consulting and governmental advisory work. Since 2005, he has concentrated his efforts on toll road development and public-private partnership issues for the Maryland Transportation Authority, a state-wide public toll road authority, including a solicitation of interest in the I-270 Multi-Modal Corridor and a feasibility study for Nice Bridge reconstruction using a P3 approach. His recent publications can be found here.

Kenneth Button, Ph.D. is a Senior Research Fellow with the Center and is a Professor of Public Policy at the Schar School. A world-renowned expert on transportation policy, Dr. Button has published more than 80 books and over 400 academic papers in the field of transport economics, transport planning, environmental analysis, and industrial organization. You can view his most recent publications here. Dr. Button can be contacted at kbutton@gmu.edu.

Shanjiang Zhu, Ph.D., is a Research Fellow with the Center and an Associate Professor of Transportation Planning and Engineering at George Mason University. Dr. Zhu’s primary area of expertise is in travel demand modeling, travel behavior analysis, integrated transportation planning, and simulation models. In addition to his work with the Center, Dr. Zhu leads the research and education activities at the TransInfo University Transportation Center, focusing on big data studies within the transportation sector. His recent research interests have focused on transportation policies, incident response systems, and transportation economics. His recent publications can be found here. You can contact Dr. Zhu at szhu3@gmu.edu.

Carter B. Casady, Ph.D., is a Senior Fellow with the Center and a Research Engineer in the Center for Sustainable Development and Global Competitiveness at Stanford University. He most recently served as a Lecturer in Economics and Finance at University College London’s Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction (equivalent to Assistant Professor). Dr. Carter’s primary research interests focus on the institutionalization and governance of infrastructure public-private partnerships (PPPs). Prior to joining the Center and London’s Bartlett School, he worked for the Harvard Kennedy School of Government, the Federal Highway Administration, and on the President’s Council of Economic Advisors. He received his civil and environmental engineering degrees (Ph.D. and M.Sc.) from Stanford University and his policy analysis and management degree (B.Sc.) from Cornell University. Dr. Casady has published extensively in the fields of public administration and public policy, including numerous book chapters and peer-reviewed articles. His most recent publications can be found here.

Andy Blevins, J.D., is the Center’s Program Manager and an attorney with the U.S. Department of Labor. His research interests include third-party governance, community engagement in civil society, and the boundaries of governmental powers. Before starting his doctoral program, Andy owned a boutique consulting firm in the National Capital Region and served as the chief executive and law and policy director for several national nonprofits, focusing efforts mainly on civil rights and veterans’ issues. He also served as a cryptologic technician in the United States Navy. He received his law (J.D.) and business (M.B.A.) degrees from Willamette University and his English (B.A.) degree from the University of Colorado. You can contact Andy at ablevin4@gmu.edu.

Mustafa Sever is a Graduate Research Assistant with the Center, a Ph.D. student at the Schar School, and a Partnerships Associate with the World Association of PPP Units & Professionals (WAPPP). Prior to joining the Center, Mustafa held various operations and project management positions with NETAS, OTRO, and the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure with the Republic of Turkey. He received his construction management (M.S.) degree from the City University of London and his Civil Engineering (B.S.) degree from Isik Universitesi. You can contact Mustafa at msever@gmu.edu.

Divya Rana is a Graduate Research Assistant with the Center and a master’s student in political science at the Schar School. Prior to joining the Center, Divya worked as a political research assistant and as a supplemental instructor at Montclair State University. Divya received her political science (B.S.) degree, with a minor in global security and diplomacy, from Montclair State University. You can contact Divya at drana3@gmu.edu.

Advisory Board

Jennifer Aument
Global Transportation Executive

Jennifer Aument is a chief executive and transportation industry leader with more than 25 years of experience in the successful development, financing, design, construction, and operations of major transportation infrastructure. Her strategies have supported the successful delivery of two of the nation’s largest public-private infrastructure projects, including the Washington, D.C.-area Capital Beltway HOT Lanes, and the $2.6 billion Dulles Corridor Metrorail Project. Ms. Aument joined AECOM, an infrastructure consulting firm, in January 2021 and was appointed as chief executive of its global transportation business. Ms. Aument oversees AECOM’s global transportation design business to drive innovative transportation solutions that better advance its clients’ goals of delivering safe, sustainable, and cost-effective transportation systems. Before joining AECOM, she was the president and CEO, North American business at Transurban.

Peter J. “Jack” Basso
WSP & J.R. Basso and Associates

Peter J. “Jack” Basso is a nationally recognized expert on transportation finance and policy. Mr. Basso’s career includes leadership roles at WSP, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), as well as senior positions in the US Department of Transportation. From 2001 to February 2013, he oversaw the management of AASHTO as Chief Operating Officer and Business Development Director. In this capacity, he represented the interests of state departments of transportation, developed new member services, and aggressively marketed technical services provided for AASHTO members. He worked closely with congressional staff and associations with mutual interests in transportation financing issues. Before joining AASHTO, Mr. Basso served as Assistant Secretary for Budget and Programs, and as Chief Financial Officer at the US Department of Transportation. In this role, he oversaw the development of a $60-billion budget and interacted with senior officials, members of Congress, and key industry officials on a wide variety of transportation matters. Prior to his appointment to this position, he served as Deputy Assistant Secretary for Budget and Programs.

Lisa Buglione
Executive Director, AIAI

Convening public and private sectors through education and outreach, AIAI’s executive director Lisa Buglione ensures that the P3 conversation centers on best practices and quality conversations. With more than 20 years of high-profile strategic initiative management and operations experience, Ms. Buglione oversees every aspect of AIAI’s tactical operations and national public outreach initiatives. Ms. Buglione is instrumental to AIAI’s rapid growth in terms of membership, brand awareness and prolific organizational expansion across the country.

Ms. Buglione leads the organization’s nationwide efforts with a focus on good policy, strong programs and partnership as a means to building the organization’s support structure while concurrently promoting national Public-Private Partnership (P3) growth.

Mathew Garver
President & Managing Partner, Liberty Street Capital

Mathew Garver is the President & Managing Partner of Liberty Street Capital.  Matt began in the private equity industry in the late ’90s, where he has served as an advisor, private equity investor, partner, board director, corporate development, and financier.  He also served as Sec to Global Infra Steering Committee at DLA Piper, world’s largest law firm & Senior Advisor to Patton Boggs, leading global law firms for economics and international projects.  Mr. Garver is a Fellow from Harvard University the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, A DFS in Finance and Economics from Saïd Business School at Oxford University, and a BA in Economics from Michigan State Univ.  He is the author of numerous articles on regional and international economics.  He serves on numerous boards for both private companies and philanthropic foundations.

Matt Girard
Group Head, Asset Delivery – Civil, Plenary Americas

Matt Girard leads the Civil Division for Plenary Americas, and is responsible for project development, delivery, asset management, teaming and business development for all Civil projects in North America.

Matt has more than 25 years of hands-on experience in the heavy-civil construction industry across North America and has been involved with the successful pursuit and on-site management of P3 projects in both the U.S. and Canada for almost 15 years.

Prior to joining Plenary, Matt was a senior executive leading all business development efforts for one of North America’s largest heavy-civil contractors and also has experience working with the largest design consultant in North America, having led their business development efforts on alternative delivery projects in the U.S.

Matt has a Bachelor’s and Master’s in Civil Engineering from the University of Colorado, Boulder, and is a registered Design-Build professional with the Design-Build Institute of America (DBIA).

Matt is also heavily engaged in bettering the industry via serving as a committee or board member to multiple engineering and construction advocacy groups.

John Irvine
Executive Vice President, Business Development, United Bridge Partners

John Irvine is the Executive Vice President of Business Development at Anchor Construction Corporation. He is charged with growing the business in new and existing US markets. Prior to this role, Mr. Irvine held senior leadership positions with The Lane Construction Corporation and COWI.

Mr. Irvine holds a master’s in Public Administration (MPA) from the University of Baltimore, a Post-graduate Certificate (PgC) in Transportation Policy & Logistics from George Mason University, and a BA in US History from Kent State University.

Janet Kavinoky
Vice President, External Affairs & Corporate Communications, Vulcan Materials

Janet Kavinoky joined Vulcan Materials Company in September 2015 as Director of Federal and State Governmental Affairs. Drawing on 20 years of federal and state policy and advocacy experience and relationships, she formulates and executes strategies to shape the political, legislative, and regulatory environments that affect Vulcan’s business success and advises Vulcan’s senior leadership team on policy and political developments in Washington, DC, and the 21 states Vulcan serves.

Prior to joining Vulcan, Kavinoky was Executive Director for Transportation & Infrastructure at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce where she led transportation policy, and lobbying efforts, ran the Americans for Transportation Mobility, a nationwide business, labor, and transportation organization coalition, and developed the Let’s Rebuild America (LRA) initiative to raise the profile of infrastructure issues, broaden stakeholder engagement, and create new opportunities for businesses to influence public policy.

Kavinoky started her career at the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), consulted for the California DOT during graduate school, and worked with state DOTs at the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.

Belen Marcos
Executive Vice President & President of VINCI Highways, VINCI Concessions

Ms. Marcos serves as President of VINCI Highways, VINCI Concessions’ road mobility subsidiary, and as Executive Vice President of VINCI Concessions. Ms. Marcos has extensive experience in managing and operating toll highways given her previous roles as the Chief Operating Officer for the Chicago Skyway, the Chief Information Officer for the Indiana Toll Road, and the Chief Executive Officer for the North Tarrant Express and the LBJ Express projects. Before joining VINCI Highways in September 2020, Ms. Marcos served as President of CINTRA US.

Simon Santiago
Partner, Nossaman LLP

Simon Santiago handles contractual, procurement, development, and construction issues for the largest transportation, transit, and multi-modal projects in the U.S. Public sector clients seek his guidance in creating successful infrastructure projects through innovative procurement, financing, and delivery methods including public-private partnerships (P3s).

Given his broad experience, he often advises industry leaders and policymakers on emerging federal legislative and policy issues involving transportation. At the state level, Simon helped develop P3-enabling legislation, procedures, and programs in Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and Georgia. He also counseled the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission, the North Carolina Turnpike Authority, and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey on state and federal law governing all-electronic toll systems.

Before joining Nossaman in 2006, Simon was a litigator with a construction and government contract law firm in Northern Virginia, where he advised public- and private-sector clients on disputes involving large and complex infrastructure projects. He also served as a judicial clerk with the General Services Board of Contract Appeals, assisting in the legal analysis of contract claims and disputes. This collective experience has helped him anticipate potential risks and adjust procurement and contracting strategies accordingly.

Michael Schneider
Managing Principal, InfraStrategies, LLC

Michael Schneider is the Managing Principal of InfraStrategies LLC, a global consultancy providing advisory, advocacy and management services to public authorities and private organizations in the development and implementation of infrastructure programs. The firm’s primary focus is on funding, financing and project delivery, including urban and intercity rail, highways and toll facilities, aviation and ports, and advanced technologies. Mike co-founded the firm after a distinguished career in both the public and private sectors, leading the transportation and advisory practice at Parsons Brinckerhoff (now WSP) and HDR and managing many of the world’s most challenging infrastructure programs. He was a recent recipient of the P3 Partnerships Group Lifetime Achievement Award and was honored in the same capacity by the American Road and Transportation Builders Association (ARTBA) for his contribution to the development and implementation of P3 projects around the world..

Mr. Schneider is a long-time member of the Board of Directors and founding chairman of the Committee on Public-Private Partnerships of the American Public Transportation Association. He has been involved in numerous P3 and private sector infrastructure finance programs since the early 1980s as an owner, developer, and advisor, most recently as project director of the advisory team for the Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LA Metro) Public-Private Partnership Program and project manager of the Honolulu Rail Transit Project.

Former Board Members
Geoffrey Yarema
Partner, Nossaman, LLP

Founder and former chairman of Nossaman’s Infrastructure Practice Group, Geoffrey S. Yarema has spent more than three decades developing national best practices for innovative procurement, contracting and financing structures that successfully move large transportation projects from concept to reality.  These include design-build, design-build-operate-maintain (DBOM), toll concession, availability payment, pre-development and other types of public-private partnership (P3) contracts.  His expertise covers the Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (TIFIA), Railroad Rehabilitation & Improvement Financing (RRIF), Private Activity Bonds (PABs) and other such tools.

Research

We sponsor research on a range of subjects related to P3 policy. Research outputs include peer-reviewed journal articles, conference presentations and panel sessions, working papers, white papers, and research briefs. You can learn more here.

Sponsored Research Projects

Publications

“Delivery Methods, Risk Sharing, Standards and Performance for Construction, Operations, and Management: The TEXpress Managed Lanes System, Dallas-Ft. Worth, Texas.” Gifford, Jonathan L., Shanjiang Zhu, and Daniel Grimaldi. Case Studies on Transport Policy 12 (June 2023): 101016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2023.101016

“What Triggers Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Renegotiations in the United States?” Gifford, Jonathan L., Lisardo A. Bolaños, Nobuhiko Daito, and Carter B. Casady. Public Management Review (April 18, 2023): 1–27. doi: 10.1080/14719037.2023.2200404

“Public-Private Partnerships for the MBTA.” Gifford, Jonathan L. 2023. A Better City.

“Prospects for Collaboration by State DOTs with Public-Private Partnership Concessionaires to Enhance Maintenance Efficiency: Compensation Provisions and Project Experience.” Volume 3, “Accounting for Downtime Effects in Maintenance and Restoration Scheduling for Routine, Periodic and Post-Disaster Events.” Gifford, Jonathan L., Marina Manganaris, and Congyi Gao (2021). Submitted to the Virginia Transportation Research Council, Virginia Department of Transportation.

“Rational Inattention in Non-Profit Public-Private Partnerships: The Las Vegas Monorail Bankruptcy Case” Bolaños, Lisardo, Morghan Transue, Jonathan Gifford. 2022. In Handbook on Public Private Partnerships in Transportation, Vol I, edited by Simon Hakim, Robert M. Clark, and Erwin A. Blackstone, 175–94. Competitive Government: Public Private Partnerships. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83484-5_10

“MAP-21 to FAST Act: Did the Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (TIFIA) Program Better Support High-Risk Transportation Infrastructure Projects?” Lee, Narae, Jonathan Gifford. 2021. Transportation Research Record. doi:10.1177/03611981211011644

“Understanding Project Cancellation Risks in U.S. P3 Surface Transportation Infrastructure,” McCarthy, Lauren M, Lisardo Bolaños, Jeong Yun Kweun, Jonathan L. Gifford. 2020. Transport Policy. 98, 197-207. doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.10.009

“Surface Transportation Public-Private Partnerships: Objectives and Evidence—Extended Findings,” Bolaños, Lisardo, Morghan Transue, Porter Wheeler, Jonathan Gifford. 2019. Transportation Research Record. 2673(12), 290-300. doi.org/10.1177/0361198119858280

“Bankruptcy Policy and Surface Transportation Public-Private Partnerships: A Comparative Analysis of the US and Europe,” Case Studies on Transport Policy”, Bolaños, Lisardo, Jonathan Gifford, and Jeong Yun Kweun. 2019. Case Study in Transportation Policy. 7:2, 185-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2019.04.003.

“Public-private partnerships and the future of US infrastructure,” Gifford, Jonathan L. 2019. In US Infrastructure: Challenges and Directions for the 21st Century. doi: 10.4324/9781351007023-12 

“Socioeconomic impacts of transportation public-private partnerships: A dynamic CGE assessment,” Chen, Zhenhua, Nobuhiko Daito, Jonathan L. Gifford.  2017. Transport Policy. 58, 80-87

“Evaluating highway public-private partnerships: Evidence from U.S. value for money studies,” Kweun, Jeong Yun, Porter K. Wheeler, Jonathan L. Gifford. 2017. Transport Policy. In Press.

“Public-private partnerships: a review of economic considerations with particular reference to transportation projects,” Button, Kenneth. 2016.  Transportation Planning and Technology 39:2, 136-161.

“Data Review of Transportation Infrastructure Public-Private Partnerships: A Meta-Analysis.” Chen, Zhenhua, Nobuhiko Daito, Jonathan L. Gifford. 2015. Transport Reviews. doi: 10.1080/01441647.2015.1076535.

“The Evolution of Virginia’s Public-Private Partnership Enabling Statutes.” Gifford, Jonathan, Morghan Transue. 2015. The Journal of Corporation Law. 141, pp.15-23.

“U.S. Highway Public-Private Partnerships: Are They More Expensive or Efficient than the Traditional Model?” Daito, Nobuhiko, and Jonathan L. Gifford. 2014. Managerial Finance. 40 (11): 1131 – 1151, doi: 10.1108/MF-03-2014-0072.

“Do State Fiscal Constraints Affect Implementation of Highway Public-Private Partnerships? A Panel Fixed Logit Assessment.” Chen, Zhenhua, Nobuhiko Daito, and Jonathan L. Gifford. 2014. Journal of Transportation Research Forum. 53 (2): 111-128, summer,

“Demand Forecasting Errors and the Ownership of Infrastructure.” Button, Kenneth J., and Zhenhua Chen. 2014. Applied Economics Letters. 21 (7): 494-496, doi: 10.1080/13504851.2013.870642.

“Sharing out the costs of a public-private partnership.” Button Kenneth J., and Nobuhiko Daito. 2014. Applied Economics Letters. 21 (6): 383-386, doi: 10.1080/13504851.2013.856995.

“Implementing public-private partnerships during challenging economic times: case study of the 495 Express Lanes on the Virginia portion of the Washington Capital beltway Project (USA).” Daito, Nobuhiko, Zhenhua Chen, Jonathan L. Gifford, Tameka Porter, and John Gudgel. 2013. Ca

P3 Evidence Project

Events

P3 Spring Forum 2023

Thank you for joining us at the Center’s 10th Anniversary Forum.  An annual event, the forum aims to engage with industry leaders and the academic community to discuss pressing issues surrounding P3s for highways, transit, and the future of mobility.

Recordings for the individual sessions and keynote remarks are hyperlinked below.

To stay up to date with this and future events, be sure to join the Center’s distribution list. You can do so by sending an email to p3policy@gmu.edu.

Forum Agenda
(speakers subject to change)

9:30 am: Doors Open (in-person registration available as space permits)

10:00 am: Introductory Keynote Remarks
Remarks provided by The Honorable W. Sheppard Miller, III, Virginia Secretary of Transportation

10:30 am: Panel 1—10 Years of P3s: What’s Changed? What’s Next?
        Tyler Duvall, CEO & Co-Founder, Cavnue (moderator)
        Jennifer Aument, Global Transportation Executive
        Nicolas Rubio, Meridiam
        Sean Connaughton, Virginia Hospital and Healthcare Association & Fmr. Virginia Secretary of Transportation (2010-2014)

11:30 am: Panel 2—Inclusive P3s

• Jeremy Ebie, Phoenix Infrastructure (moderator)
• Bradley Rodgers McDonald, Fengate
• Seth Miller Gabriel, BDO USA
• Kathryn Roos, HDR (substituting for Michael Schneider, InfraStrategies, LLC)

12:30 pm
Catered Lunch and Keynote Remarks
Remarks provided by The Honorable Arlando Teller, Assistant Secretary of Tribal Affairs, U.S. Department of Transportation

1:30 pm
Panel 3: Infrastructure Reuse & Revitalization with P3s in collaboration with Young Professionals in Infrastructure (YPI)

• Allen Farberov, Macquarie Capital (moderator)
• Peter Biava, Investments at Meridiam DC
• Julian Gonsalves, Assistant City Manager for Public-Private Partnerships, City of Alexandria, Virginia
• Ben Mindes, D.C. Office of the Deputy Mayor for Planning and Economic Development

2:30 pm: Closing remarks provided by Dr. Jonathan Gifford, Center Director and Professor

3:00 pm: Event Concludes

For more information, contact: Andy Blevins, Program Manager, at ablevin4@gmu.edu.